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Conner Peripherals, Inc. CP2040 Intelligent Disk Drive Product Manual PRELIMINARY Revision I December, 1991 3081 Zanker Road San Jose, CA 95134-2128 (408) 456-4500 Notice Conner Peripherals makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Conner Peripherals shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Conner Peripherals, Inc. reserves the right to change, without notification, the specifications contained in this manual. c Copyright Conner Peripherals, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or translated into any language in any form without the written permission of Conner Peripherals, Inc. IBM, PC/AT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Key Features 3.0 Specification Summary 3.1 Capacity 3.2 Physical Configuration 3.3 Performance 3.4 Read/Write 3.5 Power Requirements (Typical) 3.6 Defect Management 3.7 Physical Characteristics 4.0 Environmental Characteristics 4.1 Temperature 4.2 Humidity 4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level) 4.4 Reliability and Maintenance 4.5 Shock 4.6 Magnetic Field 4.7 Acoustic Noise 4.8 Safety Standards 5.0 Functional Description 5.1 Read/Write and Control Electronics 5.2 Drive Mechanism 5.3 Air Filtration System 5.4 Head Positioning Mechanism 5.5 Read/Write Heads and Disks 5.6 Error Detection and Correction 5.7 Customer Options 6.0 Electrical Description 6.1 Cabling 6.2 Diagnostic Routines 6.3 SCSI Termination 6.4 SCSI Bus Attachment 7.0 Recommended Mounting Configuration 8.0 Physical Characteristics 8.1 Cable Requirements 8.2 Connector Requirements 8.3 Pin Description 8.3.1 Output Characteristics 8.3.2 Input Characteristics 1.0 Introduction This specification describes the key features, specification summary, physical characteristics, environmental characteristics, functional description, electrical interface, recommended mounting configuration, timing requirements, host address decoding, command description, operations description, and error reporting for the Conner Peripherals model CP2040. 2.0 Key Features The CP2040 is a high performance 2.5 inch low- profile (.75") offering 42.65 megabytes formatted capacity disk drive with 17 ms average seek time typical which is designed with the SCSI interface. The drive features a low 5V power requirement and high shock resistance, enabling battery operation in portable environments. o 2.5" Form factor. o Single 5 Volt supply. o Low power requirements. o 7.0 oz unit weight. o High performance rotary voice coil actuator with embedded servo system. o Single connector for power & interface. o Two of seven run length limited code. o High shock resistance. o Internal air filtration system. o Sealed HDA. o Automatic actuator latch over data-free landing zone during shutdown mode or power down. o Microprocessor-controlled diagnostic routines that are automatically executed at start-up. o Automatic error correction and retries. o Block size 512 bytes. o SCSI interface. o 1:1 Interleave. o Look Ahead Read Capability. o 32K Buffer. 3.0 Specification Summary 3.1 Capacity Formatted Mbytes 42.6 3.2 Physical Configuration Actuator Type Rotary Voice-Coil Number of Disks 2 Data Surfaces 4 Data Heads 4 Servo Embedded Tracks per Surface 548 Track Density 1,700 TPI Formatted Track Capacity (bytes) 19,456 Bytes per Block 512 Blocks per Drive 83,296 Sectors per Track: 38 3.3 Performance Seek Times: Track to Track:5.0 ms Average: 19.0 ms Maximum: 40.0 ms Rotation Speed: 3486 RPM Data Transfer Rate: 1.50 Mbyte/second Start Time: Typical: 6 seconds Maximun: 10 seconds Stop Time: Typical: 5 seconds Maximum: 10 seconds Interleave 1:1 Buffer Size 32K The timing is measured through the interface with the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages. The timing also assumes that: o I/O driver overhead and system hardware dependency have been subtracted from timing requirements. The average seek time is determined by averaging the seek time for a minimum of 1000 seeks of random length over the surface of the disk. Host system must allow a minimum of 60 seconds for drive electronics to facilitate retries for the READY line to become active. One retry is equal to 25 seconds. 3.4 Read/Write Interface SCSI Recording Method 2 of 7 RLL code Recording Density (ID) 36,789 bits per inch Flux Density (ID) 24,526 flux reversals per inch 3.5 Power Requirements (Typical) +5 Logic Typical Maximum Read/Write/Seek Mode 560 ma 2.80 W 3.00 W Idle Mode 260 ma 1.30 W 1.50 W Shutdown Mode 80 ma .40 W 0.50 W Spin-up Mode 1110 ma n/a n/a Read/Write/Seek Mode: Occurs when data is being read from or written to the disk, or when the access mechanism is in motion. Idle Mode: Occurs when the drive is not reading, writing or seeking. The motor is up to speed and DRIVE READY condition exists. Actuator is residing on last accessed track. Shutdown Mode: Occurs when the motor is stopped and actuator is parked. SHUTDOWN MODE occurs after a programmable time-out since last host access. The drive leaves SHUTDOWN MODE upon receipt of a host command requiring disk access. Spin-Up Mode: Occurs while the spindle motor is accelerating from its rest state to its operational speed. During the typical spin-up cycle, current on the 5 volt motor line may reach up to 1000 mA for up to 500 microseconds. The specified current is the averaged value over the spin-up cycle. Maximum noise allowed (DC to 1 MHZ, with equivalent resistive load with SCSI bus terminators installed):+5 VDC: +/-3%. 3.6 Defect Management The CP2040 contains a total of 2192 spare sectors, one at the end of each track. The CP2040 has 2050 or more spare sectors available to the user for defect skipping over the life of the drive. As shipped from the factory, the drive is allowed to have up to 140 defective sectors. Of these, a maximum of 120 are skipped out and the sector numbering is slipped to use the spare sector at the end of the same track. No more than 20 of the tracks can have two defects. The first defect (one of the 120) is handled as described above. The second defect is assigned to the nearest spare sector on an adjacent track. 3.7 Physical Characteristics Dimensions: .75" x 2.75" x 4.00" Weight: 7.0 ounces 4.0 Environmental Characteristics 4.1 Temperature Operating 5°C to 55°C Non-operating -40°C to 60°C Thermal Gradient 20°C per hour maximum 4.2 Humidity Operating 8% to 80% non-condensing Non-operating 8% to 80% non-condensing Maximum Wet Bulb 26°C per hour 4.3 Altitude (relative to sea level) Operating -200 to 10,000 feet Non-operating (maximum) 40,000 feet 4.4 Reliability and Maintenance MTBF 50,000 hours (POH)1 MTTR 10 minutes typical Preventive Maintenance None Data Reliablity <1 non-recoverable error in 1013 bits read 4.5 Shock Non-operating shock: 100 G's, 1/2 sine pulse, 11 ms duration Operating Shock: 10 G's, 11 ms, 1/2 sine wave 4.6 Magnetic Field The externally induced magnetic flux density may not exceed 6 gauss (DC to 700 Khz) or 1 gauss (700 Khz to 1.5 Mhz+) as measured at the drive surface. Frequency Field Intensity 0 to 700 Khz 6 gauss maximum 700 Khz to 1.5 Mhz 1 gauss maximum 4.7 Acoustic Sound Emission Acoustic sound power: TBD dBA max at 1 meter Acoustic sound pressure: 34 dBA at 1 meter 4.8 Safety Standards The CP2040 disk drive is designed to comply with relevant product safety standards such as: o UL 478, 5th edition, Standard for Safety of Information Processing and Business Equipment, and UL 1950, Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment o CSA 22.2 #154, Data Processing Equipment and CSA 22.2 #950, Safety of Information Technology equipment and CSA 22.2 #220, Information Processing and Business Equipment. o IEC 435 Safety Requirements for Data Processing Equipment, IEC 380, Safety of Electrically Energized Office Machines, and IEC 950, Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment. o VDE 0805 Equivalent to IEC 435, VDE 0805 TIEL 100, Equivalent to IEC 950, and VDE 0806, Equivalent to IEC 380. o TUV Essen TUV Rheinland. 5.0 Functional Description The drive contains all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret control signals, position the recording heads over the desired track, read and write data, and provide a contaminant free environment for the heads and disks. 5.1 Read/Write and Control Electronics One integrated circuit is mounted within the sealed enclosure in close proximity to the read/write heads. Its function is to provide head selection, read preamplification, and write data circuitry. The single microprocessor controlled circuit card provides the remaining electronic functions which include: o Read/Write Circuitry o Rotary Actuator Control o Interface Control o Spin Speed Control o Dynamic Braking o Power Management At power down or upon entering the SHUTDOWN MODE, the heads are automatically retracted to the inner diameter of the disk and are latched and parked on a landing zone that is inside the data tracks. 5.2 Drive Mechanism A brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 3486 RPM. The motor/spindle assembly is balanced to provide minimal mechanical runout to the disks and to reduce vibration of the HDA. A dynamic brake is used to provide a fast stop to the spindle motor when power is removed, or upon entering the SHUTDOWN MODE. 5.3 Air Filtration System Within the sealed enclosure, a .3 micron filter provides a clean environment to the heads and disks. 5.4 Head Positioning Mechanism The read/write heads are supported by a mechanism coupled to the voice coil actuator. 5.5 Read/Write Heads and Disks Data is recorded on 65mm diameter disks through micro-miniature thin film heads. 5.6 Error Detection and Correction The drive uses an 88-bit Reed-Solomon code to perform error detection and correction. The error correction polynomial is capable of correcting single bursts of 11 bits or less on-the-fly in 1/2 sector time without microprocessor intervention, thus with no performance degradation. An error burst with a maximum of 22 bits or two error bursts of up to 11 bits each per 512 byte block can also be corrected. 5.7 Customer Options Three jumpers, E1, E2 and E3 are used to select the drive's SCSI ID. Table 1 defines the settings for jumpers E1, E2 and E3: Table 1. Jumper Options E1 E2 E3 SCSI ID Out Out Out 0 In Out Out 1 Out In Out 2 In In Out 3 Out Out In 4 In Out In 5 Out In In 6 In In In 7 6.0 Electrical Description 6.1 Cabling Connector J2 carries the SCSI interface signals and the power connections required to operate the drive. 6.2 Diagnostic Routines The microprocessor performs diagnostics upon application of power. If an error is detected, the drive will not become ready. 6.3 SCSI Termination The drive uses 1k ohm pull up resistors on all eighteen SCSI bus signals. These resistors are supplied +5V from the initiator through the TERMPWR line at J2-24. The resistors are NOT removable from the drive. 6.4 SCSI Bus Attachment A single drive may be daisy-chained with other SCSI targets on a SCSI Bus if the drive is the last physical unit on the Bus and the cable length specification is not exceeded. Two or more drives cannot be daisy-chained on a SCSI Bus as all drives contain termination resistors. This may result in reflections on the cable which can cause communication errors between the initiator and the targets on the SCSI Bus. 7.0 Recommended Mounting Configuration The drive is designed to be used in applications where the unit may experience shock and vibrations at greater levels than larger and heavier disk drives. The design features which allow greater shock tolerance are the use of rugged heads and media, a dedicated landing zone, closed loop servo positioning and specially designed motor and actuator assemblies. Four (4) side or bottom mounting points are provided to the customer. The drive is mounted using 3mm x 0.5mm thread screws. The screw insertion depth into the side or bottom mounting points should not exceed 4mm. The system integrator should allow ventilation to the drive to ensure reliable drive operation over the operating temperature range. The drive may be mounted in any attitude. For additional vibration isolation, an external suspension system may be used. 8.0 Physical Characteristics 8.1 Cable Requirements A 40-conductor cable no more than 18" in length with at least 28 AWG wire size and a characteristic impedance of 90 to 140 ohms (132 ohms nominal) is required. A 50-conductor cable may be used to connect to both the drive connector (J2) and the option connector (J3). 8.2 Connector Requirements The drive connector (J2) is a 40-position header which consists of 2 rows of 20 male pins on 2mm centers. The option connector (J3) is an 8-position header which consists of 2 rows of 4 male pins on 2mm centers. 8.3 Pin Description The drive uses open collector drivers. All assigned signals are terminated with 1K ohm resistors to +5 volts supplied to the drive through the TERMPWR line (J2-24). The termination resistors are NOT removable. 8.3.1 Output Characteristics Each signal driven by the drive has the following output characteristics when measured at the drive connector: Signal assertion: 0.0 VDC to 0.4 VDC Minimum driver output capability: 48 ma (sinking) at 0.5 VDC Signal negation: 2.5 VDC to 5.25 VDC 8.3.2 Input Characteristics Each signal received by the drive must have the following input characteristics when measured at the drive connector: Signal assertion: 0.0 VDC to 0.8 VDC Minimum total input load: -0.4 ma (sinking) at 0.4 VDC Signal false: 2.0 VDC to 5.25 VDC